摘要：本文介紹蒙牛乳業(yè)（當(dāng)陽(yáng)）有限公司低壓系統(tǒng)改造電力監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，采用智能電力儀表、采集配電現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的各種電參量和開(kāi)關(guān)信號(hào)。系統(tǒng)采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)就地組網(wǎng)的方式，組網(wǎng)后遠(yuǎn)傳至后臺(tái)，通過(guò)Acrel-2000型電力監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)配電室配電回路用電的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控和管理。

Abstract: This article introduces the low-voltage system of Inner Mongolia Meng Niu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd. to transform the power monitoring system, using smart power meters to collect various electrical parameters and switching signals at the distribution site. The system adopts the method of on-site networking. After networking, it is remotely transmitted to the background. The Acrel-2000 power monitoring system realizes real-time monitoring and management of power distribution circuit power in the distribution room.

0 概述 Overview

隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、生產(chǎn)自動(dòng)化程度的提高、勞動(dòng)力的解放和生活質(zhì)量的改良，大量電能驅(qū)動(dòng)設(shè)備投入到生產(chǎn)、生活中，人們對(duì)電力的依賴(lài)程度越來(lái)越高。供電的可靠性、連續(xù)性已經(jīng)成為整個(gè)社會(huì)關(guān)心的重要問(wèn)題之一。由于供電系統(tǒng)具有產(chǎn)生和消費(fèi)同時(shí)發(fā)生的特殊性，對(duì)整個(gè)供電過(guò)程進(jìn)行監(jiān)控，是保證供電可靠性和連續(xù)性的重要手段。

With the development of social economy, the improvement of production automation, the liberation of labor and the improvement of quality of life, a large number of electric power-driven equipment is put into production and life, and people's dependence on electricity is getting higher and higher. The reliability and continuity of power supply have become one of the important issues of concern to the entire society. Since the power supply system has the particularity of simultaneous production and consumption, monitoring the entire power supply process is an important means to ensure the reliability and continuity of power supply.

蒙牛乳業(yè)（當(dāng)陽(yáng)）有限公司位于湖北省當(dāng)陽(yáng)市，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)共有1個(gè)配電室。

Inner Mongolia Meng Niu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd. is located in Dangyang City, Hubei Province. There is a power distribution room on site.

本次項(xiàng)目主要涉及蒙牛乳業(yè)（當(dāng)陽(yáng)）有限公司配電室內(nèi)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)多功能儀表、微機(jī)保護(hù)等設(shè)備，監(jiān)控主機(jī)位于1層的值班室。

This project mainly involves network multi-function meters, microcomputer protection and other equipment in the power distribution room of Inner Mongolia Meng Niu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd. The monitoring host is located in the duty room on the first floor.

1 需求分析 Demand analysis

為保證生產(chǎn)管理用電負(fù)荷的統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析及對(duì)危險(xiǎn)源實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控。需要對(duì)項(xiàng)目現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的配電室中進(jìn)線(xiàn)及出線(xiàn)回路進(jìn)行電壓、電流、功率等參數(shù)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)在線(xiàn)監(jiān)控。一旦監(jiān)控點(diǎn)被監(jiān)視參數(shù)異常，能夠及時(shí)檢測(cè)報(bào)警，有關(guān)人員采取必要的措施，避免安全事故的發(fā)生。自動(dòng)抄表功能節(jié)省了人力物力，功率趨勢(shì)曲線(xiàn)功能能夠直觀的顯示各回路的工作狀態(tài)與時(shí)間，方便用戶(hù)找出非正常用電回路并且及時(shí)進(jìn)行整改，建立電能多級(jí)計(jì)量體系提供用能分析依據(jù)。

To ensure the statistics and analysis of electricity load for production management and real-time monitoring of dangerous sources. Real-time online monitoring of voltage, current, power and other parameters in the power distribution room at the project site is required. Once the monitoring point is monitored with abnormal parameters, it can detect and alarm in time, and relevant personnel can take necessary measures to avoid safety accidents. The automatic meter reading function saves manpower and material resources, and the power trend curve function can intuitively display the working status and time of each circuit, which is convenient for users to find abnormal power circuits and rectify them in time, and establish a multi-level electric energy measurement system to provide energy analysis basis .

2 系統(tǒng)方案 Structure

安科瑞Acrel-2000系統(tǒng)根據(jù)蒙牛乳業(yè)（當(dāng)陽(yáng)）有限公司低壓系統(tǒng)改造電力監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際情況，整體網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)采用屏蔽雙絞線(xiàn)直接接至數(shù)據(jù)采集器然后將數(shù)據(jù)上至配電室的監(jiān)控主機(jī)，保障了電力監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)傳輸?shù)姆€(wěn)定性與實(shí)時(shí)性。

Acrel-2000 system is based on the actual situation of the low-voltage system of Inner Mongolia Meng Niu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd. to transform the power monitoring system on site. The overall network structure uses shielded twisted pair to directly connect to the data collector and then send the data to the power distribution room for monitoring The host ensures the stability and real-time transmission of the power monitoring system.

1）站控管理層 Control Centre

站控管理層針對(duì)電力監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的管理人員，是人機(jī)交互的直接窗口。在蒙牛乳業(yè)（當(dāng)陽(yáng)）有限公司低壓系統(tǒng)改造電力監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)工程中主要指置于一層配電室的監(jiān)控主機(jī)。

The control centre is the direct window of human-computer interaction for the management personnel of the power monitoring system. In Inner Mongolia Meng Niu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd. low-voltage system transformation power monitoring system project, it mainly refers to the monitoring host located in the power distribution room on the first floor.

2）網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊層 Network

通訊層主要是由采集器、以太網(wǎng)設(shè)備及總線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)組成。串口服務(wù)器主要功能是監(jiān)測(cè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)智能儀表；以太網(wǎng)設(shè)備及總線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的主要功能是實(shí)現(xiàn)分站與主站之間的數(shù)據(jù)交互，使配電系統(tǒng)管理集中化、信息化、智能化，很大提高了配電系統(tǒng)的安全性、可靠性和穩(wěn)定性，達(dá)到了無(wú)人值守的目的。

The network is mainly composed of collectors, Ethernet devices and bus networks. The main function of the serial server is to monitor on-site intelligent instruments; the main function of Ethernet equipment and bus network is to realize the data interaction between the substation and the main station, so that the management of the distribution system is centralized, informatized, and intelligent, which greatly improves The safety, reliability and stability of the power distribution system have achieved the goal of unattended operation.

3）現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備層 Device

現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備層是數(shù)據(jù)采集終端，主要由智能儀表組成，智能儀表通過(guò)屏蔽雙絞線(xiàn)RS485接口，采用MODBUS通訊協(xié)議總線(xiàn)型連接接入通訊服務(wù)器，經(jīng)通訊服務(wù)器到達(dá)該配電間監(jiān)控主機(jī)進(jìn)行組網(wǎng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程控制。

The device layer is the data acquisition terminal, which is mainly composed of smart meters. The smart meters are connected to the communication server through the shielded twisted pair RS485 interface and the MODBUS communication protocol bus connection. The communication server reaches the monitoring host of the power distribution room for networking. Realize remote control.

系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)圖 System structure diagram

3  系統(tǒng)功能 System Function

變電所實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)圖為主監(jiān)控畫(huà)面，主要實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)變電所所有回路的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，紅色代表合閘，綠色代表分閘。在系統(tǒng)圖中可以直觀的看到每路進(jìn)線(xiàn)和出線(xiàn)的運(yùn)行參數(shù)和狀態(tài)，可以看到變壓器出線(xiàn)側(cè)的所有常規(guī)電力參數(shù)，如：三相電壓、電流、有功功率、無(wú)功功率、功率因數(shù)、頻率、有功電度等。如下圖所：

The real-time monitoring system diagram of the substation is the main monitoring screen, which mainly monitors the operating status of all circuits in the substation in real time. Red represents closing and green represents opening. In the system diagram, you can intuitively see the operating parameters and status of each incoming and outgoing line, and you can see all the conventional power parameters on the outlet side of the transformer, such as: three-phase voltage, current, active power, reactive power, and power factor , Frequency, active power, etc. As shown below:

系統(tǒng)圖 system diagram

遙信和遙測(cè)報(bào)警功能，主要完成對(duì)低壓各出線(xiàn)回路的開(kāi)關(guān)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)和負(fù)載進(jìn)線(xiàn)監(jiān)控，對(duì)開(kāi)關(guān)變位和負(fù)載越限彈出報(bào)警界面指示具體的報(bào)警位置并聲音報(bào)警，提醒值班人員及時(shí)處理。負(fù)載越限值在相應(yīng)權(quán)限下可自由設(shè)置。

The remote signaling and remote measurement alarm function mainly completes the monitoring of the switch operation status of the low-voltage outlet circuits and the load incoming line. The pop-up alarm interface for switch displacement and load limit violations indicates the specific alarm location and sounds the alarm to remind the duty personnel to deal with it in time. The load limit can be set freely under the corresponding authority.

事件告警記錄功能，主要完成對(duì)查詢(xún)時(shí)間段內(nèi)出現(xiàn)的報(bào)警信息事件記錄以及發(fā)生時(shí)間，為值班人員提供依據(jù)并且分析事故發(fā)生的原因，如下圖所示：

The event alarm recording function mainly completes the recording of the alarm information and the occurrence time of the alarm information that occurred during the query period, and provides the basis for the duty personnel and analyzes the cause of the accident, as shown in the following figure:

報(bào)警功能實(shí)時(shí)查詢(xún)Alarm function real-time query

參數(shù)抄表功能，主要對(duì)低壓各出線(xiàn)回路的電參數(shù)進(jìn)線(xiàn)查詢(xún)。支持任意時(shí)刻電參數(shù)查詢(xún)，具備數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出和報(bào)表打印等功能。該報(bào)表查詢(xún)蒙牛乳業(yè)（當(dāng)陽(yáng)）有限公司低壓系統(tǒng)改造電力監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)配電室進(jìn)出線(xiàn)各低壓回路的電參數(shù)，主要包括：三相電流、有功功率和有功電度。該報(bào)表各回路名稱(chēng)和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)關(guān)聯(lián)，方便用戶(hù)修改回路名稱(chēng)。如下圖所示:

Parameter meter reading function, mainly to query the electrical parameters of the low-voltage outgoing circuit. Supports electrical parameter query at any time, with functions such as data export and report printing. This report queries the electrical parameters of the low-voltage circuits in and out of the power distribution room of the low-voltage system of Inner Mongolia Meng Niu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., which mainly includes three-phase current, active power and active power. Each circuit name of this report is associated with the database, which is convenient for users to modify the circuit name. As shown below:

電參數(shù)抄表Electric parameter meter reading

用電量報(bào)表功能，可選擇時(shí)間段進(jìn)行查詢(xún)，支持任意時(shí)間段電度累計(jì)查詢(xún)，具備數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出和報(bào)表打印等功能。為值班人員提供了準(zhǔn)確可靠的電能報(bào)表。該報(bào)表各回路名稱(chēng)和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)關(guān)聯(lián)，方便用戶(hù)修改回路名稱(chēng)。如下圖所示，用戶(hù)可以直接打印報(bào)表，可以以EXCEL格式另存到其他位置。 如下圖所示：

Power consumption report function, select the time period for query, support the cumulative query of the power consumption at any time period, and have the functions of data export and report printing. Provide accurate and reliable electric energy report for the staff on duty. Each circuit name of this report is associated with the database, which is convenient for users to modify the circuit name. As shown in the figure below, the user can print the report directly, and save it to another location in EXCEL format. As shown below:

電能報(bào)表Energy report 

系統(tǒng)通訊結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖，主要顯示系統(tǒng)的組網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)，系統(tǒng)采用分層分布式結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)間隔層設(shè)備的通信狀態(tài)。紅色表示通訊正常，綠色表示通訊故障。下圖為變電所通訊狀態(tài)示意圖。

A schematic diagram of the system communication structure, which mainly shows the network structure of the system. The system adopts a hierarchical distributed structure and monitors the communication status of the bay layer equipment. Red means communication is normal, green means communication failure. The figure below is a schematic diagram of the communication status of the substation.

通訊結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖Communication structure diagram

4  結(jié)束語(yǔ)Summary

在當(dāng)今配電設(shè)施的應(yīng)用中，項(xiàng)目的配電安全性至關(guān)重要，本文介紹的Acrel-2000電力監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)在蒙牛乳業(yè)（當(dāng)陽(yáng)）有限公司的應(yīng)用，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)配電室供配電回路用電的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控，不僅能顯示回路用電狀況，還具有網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊功能，可以與串口服務(wù)器、計(jì)算機(jī)等組成電力監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)采集數(shù)據(jù)的分析、處理，實(shí)時(shí)顯示配電室內(nèi)各配電回路的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，對(duì)負(fù)載越限具有彈出報(bào)警對(duì)話(huà)框、語(yǔ)音提示，并生成各種電能報(bào)表、分析曲線(xiàn)、圖形等，便于電能的遠(yuǎn)程抄表以及分析、研究，該系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行安全、可靠、穩(wěn)定，為商業(yè)廣場(chǎng)項(xiàng)目解決用電問(wèn)題提供了真實(shí)可靠的依據(jù)，取得了較好的企業(yè)效益。

In the application of today’s power distribution facilities, the power distribution safety of the project is very important. The application of the Acrel-2000 power monitoring system introduced in this article in Inner Mongolia Meng Niu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd. can realize The real-time monitoring of power consumption can not only display the power consumption status of the loop, but also has the function of network communication, which can form a power monitoring system with serial server, computer, etc. The system realizes the analysis and processing of the collected data, real-time display of the operation status of the distribution circuits in the distribution room, pop-up alarm dialogs, voice prompts for load exceeding limits, and generates various electric energy reports, analysis curves, graphics, etc., which is convenient The remote meter reading, analysis and research of electric energy show that the system is safe, reliable and stable. It provides a true and reliable basis for the commercial plaza project to solve the electricity problem and has achieved good corporate benefits.

參考文獻(xiàn) Bibliography

1.Solutions For Enterprise Micro-grid System 2020.02

編輯：安科瑞 孫斌

公司：江蘇安科瑞電器制造有限公司